Advancements in phosphor materials for laser lighting and display: strategies for enhancing luminescence saturation thresholds

The development of laser phosphor materials is critical for advancing high-power laser lighting and display technologies. However, the issue of luminescence saturation caused by both thermal and optically-induced quenching remains a major bottleneck in performance optimization. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on luminescence saturation in phosphor materials under high-power laser excitation, providing an in-depth analysis of the impact of thermal quenching and optically-induced quenching mechanisms on luminescence saturation. Various strategies to enhance the luminescence saturation threshold are summarized, including defect engineering, crystal structure optimization, and microstructural engineering design. The review also emphasizes the key role of activator types, dopant concentrations, and wide-bandgap material design in alleviating optically-induced quenching effects. Additionally, the use of bulk phosphor materials, remote packaging technology, and high-thermal-conductivity substrates for improving heat dissipation is discussed. Finally, future research directions are proposed to address the issue of luminescence saturation in phosphor materials under high-density excitation, aiming to further improve the performance of laser lighting and display systems.