Red-shifting squaraine dyes in the near-infrared region using perimidine heterocycles: synthesis and optical properties

Key Points

• This research aims to synthesize squaraine dyes that exhibit red-shifting in the near-infrared region and evaluate their optical properties.
• Synthesis of squaraine dyes through chemical reactions involving perimidine heterocycles.
• Characterization of optical properties including absorption spectra and molar absorptivity measurements.
• Comparison of red-shifting behavior in newly synthesized dyes.
• The synthesized squaraine dyes displayed significant red-shifting in their absorption spectra.
• Dyes exhibited high molar absorptivity, enhancing their effectiveness as near-infrared probes.
• Structural modifications using perimidine heterocycles were successful in tuning optical properties.