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March 25, 2026GeosciencesOpen Access

Comparative Statistical Detection of Ionospheric GPS-TEC Anomalies Associated with the 2021 Haiti and 2022 Cyprus Earthquakes

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Authors

SPSanjoy Kumar PalKNKousik NandaSSSoumen Sarkar

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Overview

Analysis reveals ionospheric GPS-TEC anomalies before earthquakes, suggesting statistical methods improve detection accuracy.

Key Points

  • This research aims to investigate ionospheric anomalies associated with specific earthquakes using GPS data.
  • Analyzed GPS-derived Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) data from IGS stations.
  • Processed time series to isolate short-term ionospheric variability.
  • Employed three statistical models for anomaly detection: Gaussian mean, robust median, and quantile-based models.
  • Constructed daily indices to quantify frequency and strength of anomalies.
  • Normalized indices and filtered using a 95% quantile threshold.
  • Identified enhanced ionospheric anomaly activity weeks prior to both earthquakes.
  • Post-event anomalies linked to increased meteorological and geomagnetic activity.
  • Normalization techniques effectively isolated significant anomalies from background noise.

Cite This Study

Pal et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69c37bf3b34aaaeb1a67ee35https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences16030129
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