Experimental investigation demonstrates enhanced removal rate of adhered starch paste using ultra-fine bubble mixtures, suggesting improved washing efficiency.
Owing to investigation of lift-up effect of ultra-fine bubble (UFB) mixtures, removal rate of starch paste adhered on a glass-plate was measured in low Reynolds number flows via free-flow washing. The experimental results of mixed UFB water were higher than those of ultrapure water alone. Because of slightly mechanical action (shear force), the enhanced removal was attributed to the lift-up effect at interaction between the soil and the surface of glass-plate.
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Kawasaki et al. (2025) studied this question.
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