This analysis explores quantum chaos signatures in a spin-1/2 chain, revealing diverse behaviors amidst integrability loss.
We study how two distinct signatures of quantum chaos, the level spacing ratio ⟨r⟩and a four- eigenstate correlator (FESC), behave as integrability is gradually broken in the disordered spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. Working within the Stot z = 0 sector at system sizes N = 12, 14, and 16 via exact diagonalization, we observe that these two diagnostics do not track each other across the crossover. The level spacing ratio settles into Wigner-Dyson statistics already at rather weak disorder, but the FESC stays sparse, well below its random-matrix expectation, over a wide range of disorder strengths, and never clearly approaches a dense regime before many-body localization sets in. Taken together, these observations point to a finite-size window in which the energy spectrum looks chaotic while the eigenstates still carry residual structure from integrability. The FESC thus serves as a sharper probe than ⟨r⟩ alone, picking up correlations that standard spectral measures miss.
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Riyan Dhiman (2026) studied this question.
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