Constipation: diagnosis and treatment in primary care

Constipation is one of the most common digestive complaints and, while it is not necessarily life threatening, it can have a significant impact on quality of life for the individual. Risk factors can be multifactorial and constipation can be classified as primary or secondary, depending on the cause. A nursing assessment of presenting symptoms is vital in identifying risk factors for constipation and subsequent appropriate treatment. Diagnosis is supported using tools such as the Rome IV Criteria and national guidelines. Initial management is conservative and focuses on patient education. If this is unsuccessful, treatment can include laxatives and further investigations.