Introduction: Renal artery stiffness is associated with elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP).However, in Indonesia, there are very limited studies investigating the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels and renal disease progression in early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD stages 1-4).Background/Objectives: To analyze the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and MAP in early-stage CKD patients.Methods: This was an observational analytic cross-sectional study of patients with CKD stages 1-4 recruited from a CKD community in East Java.Statistical analysis was performed using comparative analysis between groups.Results: This study included 85 patients with CKD stages 2-4 (mean age, 58.38 years).The mean 25(OH)D level was 28.26 ng/mL, and the mean MAP was 122.31 mmHg.Patients with lower 25(OH)D levels (<30 ng/mL; n=40) had a significantly higher MAP of 124.51 mmHg compared to those with normal 25(OH)D levels (n=45; MAP, 120.33 mmHg; p=0.03).Conclusion: Lower vitamin D levels in early-stage CKD patients are associated with elevated mean arterial pressure.I have no potential conflict of interest to disclose.I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.
Jenner et al. (Wed,) studied this question.