Associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Fumie Kaneko; Eri Yamada; Junji Miyazaki; Satoyo Ikehara; Ryo Kawasaki; Hiroyasu Iso; the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group

doi:10.1265/ehpm.25-00358

January 1, 2026Environmental Health and Preventive MedicineOpen Access

Associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

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Key Points

The research aims to explore the relationship between household income, parental education, and the risk of early childhood caries.
Analyzed data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study.
Assessed the associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries (ECC).
Conducted mediation analyses using oral health behaviors measured at age 2.
Lower household income correlates with a higher risk of early childhood caries.
Higher parental educational attainment is linked to a lower risk of ECC.
Oral health behaviors mediate a small fraction of the socioeconomic disparities in ECC.

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Implication

Observational analysis finds links between socioeconomic factors and early childhood caries, suggesting behavioral contributions.

Abstract

Lower household income and parental educational attainment were consistently associated with a higher risk of ECC from early childhood. Mediation analyses using oral health behaviors assessed at age 2 indicated that these behaviors explained a small proportion of the observed socioeconomic disparities, suggesting a small contribution of individual behaviors to early-life socioeconomic inequalities in ECC.

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Cite This Study

Kaneko et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69c770c08bbfbc51511e0c37 https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.25-00358

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Associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Key Points

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Key Points

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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