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March 28, 2026Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine0 citationsOpen Access

Associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

FKFumie KanekoEYEri YamadaJMJunji Miyazaki

Key Points

  • The research aims to explore the relationship between household income, parental education, and the risk of early childhood caries.
  • Analyzed data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study.
  • Assessed the associations of household income and parental education with early childhood caries (ECC).
  • Conducted mediation analyses using oral health behaviors measured at age 2.
  • Lower household income correlates with a higher risk of early childhood caries.
  • Higher parental educational attainment is linked to a lower risk of ECC.
  • Oral health behaviors mediate a small fraction of the socioeconomic disparities in ECC.

Abstract

Lower household income and parental educational attainment were consistently associated with a higher risk of ECC from early childhood. Mediation analyses using oral health behaviors assessed at age 2 indicated that these behaviors explained a small proportion of the observed socioeconomic disparities, suggesting a small contribution of individual behaviors to early-life socioeconomic inequalities in ECC.

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Cite This Study

Kaneko et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69c770c08bbfbc51511e0c37https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.25-00358
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