This research demonstrates the need to redefine strong acid criteria based on dissociation at concentration levels.
Raman spectra of the “strong” acids HNO3, HClO4, and H2SO4 are collected and analyzed for high concentration solutions. The spectra display the presence of peaks corresponding to undissociated acid species in solution. Quantitatively, we can determine the equilibrium constant for these acids to be less than the infinite value expected for a completely dissociated species. We call for a revision to the conditions for a “strong” acid as being completely dissociated, to one having significant dissociation at a specific concentration (for example, 1 molar).
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Dutka et al. (2009) studied this question.
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