Hands-on exercise enhances understanding of potential energies in butane and propane through cooperative learning.
We used 3D printing to create a series of potential energy surface models in which two axes represent geometric coordinates for butane or propane and the third axis represents the relative potential energies associated with those coordinates. These models are the basis for a hands-on, cooperative learning, and guided-discovery exercise in conformational analysis for students in introductory organic chemistry.
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Carroll et al. (2016) studied this question.
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