Using publicly available HSE High Tech Scheme pricing, a cost-minimisation analysis was performed to compare annual drug acquisition costs of commonly used biologic therapies used to treat moderate–to-severe psoriasis. Substantial variation was identified, with older agents such as Adalimumab and Ustekinumab costing significantly less than newer IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors. These findings highlight important budget-impact considerations for biologic sequencing in Irish dermatology.
Conlon et al. (2026) studied this question.