Retrospective evaluation shows delayed epinephrine may affect survival rate in canine anaphylaxis, indicating increased mortality risk.
Overall survival rate was 91.8% in canine patients with APX that did not receive EPI as part of early treatment. Higher SI was associated with mortality. Higher blood lactate concentrations correlated with longer hospital stays and higher resuscitation volumes.
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Kadowaki et al. (2026) studied this question.
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