Assessing the prevalence of hydatidosis and fascioliasis in slaughtered animals and the effectiveness of plant extracts against Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices in Soran city, Kurdistan area, Iraq.

Hydatidosis and fascioliasis are frequent diseases affecting herbivores in various places, including Iraq. The present study was conducted between December and March 2024 to ascertain the prevalence of hydatidosis and fascioliasis in animals slaughtered in Erbil (Soran). Forty-one and forty-two of the three thousand four hundred forty-four animals examined concurrently were positive for hydatidosis. The proportion of sheep afflicted with hydatidosis was markedly higher than that of other animals. Conversely, the prevalence of fascioliasis infection in cattle was markedly elevated. Moreover, hydatid cysts were identified in the liver (4) and the lung (37). The results indicated that the aqueous extract of Euphorbia was more efficacious than that of Melia azedarach in eliminating the protoscolices of E. granulosus. This analysis revealed the presence of both hydatidosis and fascioliasis in animals slaughtered in the city of Soran. Furthermore, the results indicated that the extract of Euphorbia exhibited efficacy against protoscolices, even at lethal dosages.