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Numerical simulation investigates jet impingement dynamics on a flat plate, suggesting implications for lunar surface interactions.
Impingement of axisymmetric free jet from a supersonic nozzle (M[e]=5) into a vacuum on a plate was studied based upon the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method for hard sphere molecules. The distance from the nozzle exit to the plate was four times of the nozzle diameter. Plume envelopment due to plume impingement was found as the previous study based upon the continuum flow theory. Obtained results for the nozzle Knudsen number Kn[D] = 0.00625 showed a good agreement with the results of PLM. The maximum shear stress on the flat plate is found at R/D[≈]0.7 for the case of Kn[D] = 0.00625.
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Soga et al. (1994) studied this question.
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