Demonstrates the antifungal effectiveness of gold nanoparticles in managing anthracnose in chilli, suggesting a sustainable approach to improve plant health.
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) have been explored for their antifungal properties in previous studies, yet gold nanoparticles (Au‐NPs) offer distinct advantages owing to their biocompatibility, stability and multifunctional roles in plants. RESULTS In this study, we report the innovative application of Au‐NPs in suppressing anthracnose disease in chilli plants. Treatment with 75 mg L −1 Au‐NPs inhibited Colletotrichum gloeosporioides mycelial growth by 61% and reduced spore germination to 25%, while increasing membrane permeability and lowering disease incidence to 21% in detached fruits and 17% in attached fruits. Beyond pathogen suppression, Au‐NPs uniquely enhanced plant physiology, significantly increasing total phenols, chlorophyll, free amino acids and glycine betaine. Unlike Ag‐NPs, Au‐NPs improved nutrient uptake and translocation, elevating phosphorus, nitrogen, zinc and potassium concentrations in roots, leaves and fruits, likely via modulation of root physiology. Moreover, Au‐NPs activated defense‐related genes and transcription factors, boosting plant resilience during infection. CONCLUSION This study highlights the innovative dual functionality of Au‐NPs, combining potent antifungal action with plant growth and immunity enhancement, positioning them as a superior and sustainable alternative to traditional silver‐based nanoparticle approaches in crop protection.
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Muhae‐Ud‐Din et al. (2026) studied this question.
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