Ambient AIr Temperature and Natural Ventilation Rate in an Elementary School Classrooms

The ventilation was promoted in the studied classrooms without mechanical ventilation equipment through opening windows and doors according to official recommendations in 2023 school year after COVID-19 pandemic. While the estimated ventilation rate per person in the measured classroom during the midterm season was 29 m3/h, it was approximately 20 m3/h in cooling and heating period, indicating a reduction of about 30% compared with the midterm. Meanwhile, the ambient air temperature around the sedentary pupils exceeded 28°C for 9% of school hours in cooling period and fell below 18°C for 91% of school hours in heating period.