Analysis of Five Trace Elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se) in Whole Blood Samples from 4,371 Children Aged 0–9 Years in Longgang City

This study systematically evaluated five trace elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se) in the whole blood of 4,371 children aged 0–9 in Longgang City. Using ICP-MS and SPSS software, it compared levels across gender and age. Findings show prevalent but uneven micronutrient deficiencies. Calcium (49.61%) and iron (38.73%) deficiencies were most severe, with Ca deficiency increasing significantly with age, especially after four years old. Magnesium deficiency was low (0.52%), while Mn and Se were sufficient. Boys had lower Ca and Mn levels than girls. Positive correlations between Ca-Mg and Mg-Fe suggest synergistic metabolic effects. In summary, calcium and iron deficiency, particularly after age three, are the primary nutritional concerns. These results provide crucial evidence for targeted dietary guidance, health education, and early intervention, with significant public health implications for disease prevention and child development.