This review outlines the evolution of confocal and multiphoton microscopy, highlighting key developments and significance.
The development of confocal microscopy and multiphoton microscopy from the 1970s to the 1990s is reviewed. This is the period when the modern form of these microscopes developed and became commercialised. Key topics include point versus line scanning, nonlinear microscopy, and the emergence of image scanning microscopy. Guy Cox's role in the development is outlined.
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Colin J. R. Sheppard (2026) studied this question.
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