Carbon Dioxide Emissions into the Atmosphere During an Outbreak of Forest Phyllophagous Insects and an Inventory of Forest Damage Based on Remote Sensor Data

Quantifying the mass of carbon dioxide emitted during forest insect outbreaks is important both for accounting for shifts in the balance of carbon dioxide fluxes and for making decisions on measures to influence pest populations in advance. In this regard, the aim of the work is to develop a methodology for estimating the mass of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere during the outbreak and subsequent post-outbreak processes. To quantify carbon dioxide fluxes into the atmosphere during pest outbreaks, a model of food consumption by insects of different species was considered, a balance equation for food consumption was introduced, the ecological costs of food were calculated, the efficiency of food consumption, and the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere during insect feeding were determined. To assess the area of damage to plantings by insects, satellite monitoring was used and the dynamics of the normalized differentiated vegetation index (NDVI) was assessed. It is shown that a correct assessment of the area of the focus using remote sensing methods should be carried out by comparing the NDVI distribution density curves in different years. Based on the area of the outbreak, methods are proposed for calculating the emission of carbon dioxide during the transformation of the phytomass of trees killed during the outbreak. Based on the data obtained, a method for assessing dioxide emissions into the atmosphere during the mass reproduction of forest insects is proposed.