Probiotics and Ozonated Olive Oil to Maintain Oral Eubiosis in Stage I and II Periodontitis Patients: A Randomized Triple-Blind Clinical Trial

Background: Researchers are now focusing on new and less invasive therapies to improve the domiciliary maintenance phase of periodontitis. Ozonated olive oil as an alternative to common local antiseptics and the assumption of probiotics to maintain a eubiotic oral microbiome show promising results. However, the literature is still limited on this topic. This RCT aims to investigate the clinical benefits of combining ozonated olive oil products (mouthwash and toothpaste) with probiotics on oral health status in patients with stage I and II periodontitis following the active phase of therapy. Methods: The study followed a triple-blind RCT design. Patients with stage I and II periodontitis were enrolled and randomly assigned to three groups: group A (placebo), group B (effective ozonated olive oil mouthwash and toothpaste), and group C (combined protocol with effective ozonated olive oil and probiotics). Clinical assessment was performed at the first visit and after 30 days, considering Full-Mouth Plaque Score (FMPS), Full-Mouth Bleeding Score (FMBS), and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD). Results: The FMPS percentages showed a significative reduction (p = 0.0002) of 24%, 33%, and 62% observed in group A, group B, and group C, respectively. Also, the FMBS percentages were significantly decreased (p < 0.0001): −15%, −20%, and −49% observed in group A, group B, and group C, respectively. The mean PPD showed significant differences (p < 0.0001): −0.10 mm, −0.40 mm, and −1.10 mm observed in group A, group B, and group C, respectively. Overall, group C showed the best improvement among the considered clinical indexes. Conclusions: The findings of this clinical trial support the use of a combined regime of the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of ozonated olive oil and the modulation of the oral microbiome of probiotic supplements as an adjunctive domiciliary strategy for patients affected by stage I and II periodontitis.