The combined effects of extreme sedimentation, vegetation degradation and riparian disturbance suggest ecological conditions that are increasingly unsuitable for blackfly breeding in the Ofin River basin. The disruptions also threaten food security, clean water access and ecosystem integrity, with implications for achieving SDG 2, 3, 6, and 15. Strengthened River management, reforestation of degraded riparian areas, enforcement against illegal mining and community-based monitoring are needed to restore ecological function and safeguard both biodiversity and public health.
Sumboh et al. (Tue,) studied this question.