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Modeling curved space-time, the study reveals a variable Boltzmann constant related to information preservation.
Here we model the curvature and contraction of space-time using the equation of state of an ideal gas and Hawking's equation for black hole temperature. We propose that Boltzmann's constant depends on the state of matter. There exists a known Boltzmann constant for flat space-time and an effective Boltzmann constant for curved space-time. This model allows us to quantify the structure of space-time. It also helps determine the origin of gravity and elementary particles. Using the Shannon-Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy relation, we show that information is not lost. Instead, information is encoded and depends on the effective Boltzmann constant.
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Flores et al. (2026) studied this question.
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