Impact of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs1799854 ABCC8 on Glibenclamide Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Iraq is rising continuously. Glibenclamide (GLB), which is a sulfonylurea member, is an important treatment for T2DM. The sulfonylurea receptor-1 is encoded by the ABCC8 gene, and its rs1799854 genetic variation may alter the hypoglycemic activities of GLB. Objective: To determine the rs1799854 polymorphism in the ABCC8 gene and assess its potential role in modifying the therapeutic response to GLB among T2DM patients. Materials and methods: An observational pharmacogenetic association study involved 120 T2DM patients on GLB medication who were screened for ABCC8 G>A (rs1799854) genotypes and glycemic health. Results: The wild type (GG) was detected in 21.67% of T2DM cases.  The mutant type (AA) and the heterozygous type (GA) were detected in 37.5% and 40.83% of the cases, respectively. The results did not exhibit a significant difference among GG, GA, and AA genotypes regarding glycemic status parameters (HOMA 2-IR (1.24 ± 0.93 for GG genotype, 1.3 ± 2.98 for GA genotype, and 1.52 ± 1.79 for AA genotype), HOMA 2-%β (27.05 ± 39.75 for GG genotype, 22.3 ± 44.6 for GA genotype, and 25.8 ± 31.85 for AA genotype), and HbA1c (9.7 ± 3.75for GG genotype, 8.7 ± 2.65 for GA genotype, and 8.9 ± 2.35 for AA genotype) at P-value > 0.05. Conclusion: The ABCC8 G>A (rs1799854) genotype was significantly prevalent among individuals with T2DM. There was no discernible association between the ABCC8 G>A (rs1799854) genomic variant and GLB’s therapeutic effect.