What question did this study set out to answer?

The research seeks to understand how aging influences melanoma metastasis, particularly through regulatory T cells.

April 5, 2026

Abstract 2078: Aging promotes liver and lung melanoma metastasis via tissue-infiltrating Tregs.

Key Points

The research seeks to understand how aging influences melanoma metastasis, particularly through regulatory T cells.
Utilized syngeneic melanoma cells for metastasis modeling in aged and young mice.
Optimized intravenous injections for lung colonization and developed a liver colonization model using hydrodynamic tail vein injections.
Assessed immune infiltration in spleen, lungs, and liver via flow cytometry, H&E, and IHC staining.
Depleted Tregs in aged mice using anti-CD25 antibody to evaluate impact on metastasis.
Aging significantly increased melanoma colonization in both the lungs and liver compared to young mice.
Elevated Treg infiltration was observed in both metastatic sites of aged mice.
Depletion of Tregs reduced lung metastases and altered immune cell populations.
Increased NK cell numbers and reduced TGF-β secretion were noted after Treg depletion.

Abstract

Abstract Metastasis is the leading cause of melanoma-related deaths, yet its age-related mechanisms remain poorly understood. This gap stems partly from reliance on young mouse models (∼8 weeks old, equivalent to 20 human years) in most studies. Additionally, research has largely focused on lung metastasis, even though melanoma often spreads to other sites like the liver, which is notably more resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).Using syngeneic melanoma cells, we optimized intravenous (IV) injections to model lung colonization and developed a novel liver colonization model using hydrodynamic tail vein injections. Tumor cells were injected into young (8 weeks) and aged (12-16 months) male C57BL/6 mice. Spleen, lungs, and liver were harvested to assess immune infiltration of lymphocyte and myeloid populations via flow cytometry. Hematoxylin and eosin (H Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2026 Apr 17-22; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2026;86(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 2078.

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