The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of different schemes of pre-sowing mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization with phosphorus fertilizer on the accumulation of rutin and ascorbic acid in the green mass of buckwheat of the Devyatka variety. The field experiment was conducted on the experimental field of the Seed Production Department of the Far Eastern State Agrarian University, which belongs to the southern agroclimatic agricultural zone of the Amur Region. The soil of the experimental plot is meadow chernozem-like, medium-deep, the content of basic nutrients ranges from average (total nitrogen – 7.4–9.2 mg/kg; exchangeable potassium – 130–154 mg/kg) to low (mobile phosphorus – 29–33 mg/kg); humus content is 3.6–4.2 %; the reaction of the medium is moderately acidic (pHsol 5.2–5.3). The field experiment included two schemes. Scheme of Experiment 1 (application of fertilizers immediately before sowing): control (no fertilizers); N30 (ammonium nitrate); P30 (simple superphosphate); N15P45 (ammonium phosphate); N15K45 (potassium sulfate); P15K45 (phosphorus-potassium fertilizer); N15P30K30 (diammophos). Experimental design 2 (foliar fertilization with liquid superphosphate): control (no fertilizing); superphosphate at a rate of 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 l/ha; with a working solution consumption rate of 300 l/ha. Application of pre-sowing fertilizer at a rate of N15P45 ensured an increase in the content of rutin and ascorbic acid by 27.5 and 44.3 %, respectively, compared to the control. Foliar fertilization with liquid superphosphate at a rate of 4.5 l/ha proved to be the most effective in stimulating rutin synthesis in the aboveground organs of the plant. The greatest increase in green mass yield (up to 38.45 c/ha) compared to the control variant (29.71 c/ha) was ensured by the complex application of NPK (variant N15P30K30), which indicates the maximum benefit of balanced plant nutrition, in which the elements mutually enhance their effects. The conducted research is important for optimizing production technologies for highly nutritious buckwheat green mass for its use as a source of valuable vitamin P (rutin).
Tymoshenko et al. (Fri,) studied this question.