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The occurr.ence of co.de-switching, or the, ser:mzngly random alternation of two languages both between and within sentences; has been shown (Gumperz; 1976; Pfciff,.1975;Well'tZ, i977) to' be governed not only by, extra'-lingufstic but also linguistic!actors.For the balanced bilingual,(}'Odeswitching appears to be subject to an 'equivalence ciJnstraint' (Poplack, 1978): i:e.irtends to occur cit points in discourse wherejuxtaposiiion ofL 1 and L 2 elements does not violate a surface~yiitactic rule ofeithe.rlanguage!If cbrreci;ilie equivalence constraint on c@de'l'switchingmay bie~sed to measure 'degrr;e of bilingy,al 'ability./It was Hypothesized that.equivalence
Shana Poplack (Tue,) studied this question.