What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in adults.

April 6, 2026Food Science & Nutrition0 citationsOpen Access

Association between Vitamin D Level and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

AMAhd Mortada Awad MohmedUniversity of Khartoum TETasnim Omer Mohamed ElawadMansoura University AMA. E. R. O. MohammedUniversity of Khartoum

Key Points

To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in adults.
Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines
Comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus
Meta-analysis of five observational studies
Assessment of risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Subgroup analysis based on different types of sensorineural hearing loss
Significantly lower vitamin D levels observed in SNHL patients compared to healthy individuals (MD = −9.50)
Lower incidence of sufficient vitamin D levels in the SNHL group (RR = 0.61)
Subgroup analysis indicated a notably lower risk ratio for sufficient vitamin D in the Sudden SNHL group
High heterogeneity in results denoted by I2 statistics: 16.9% for MD, 85.3% for RR

Abstract

ABSTRACT Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common cause of hearing loss. Several studies have explored the association between vitamin D Levels and the incidence of SNHL. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to assess the association between vitamin D and the SNHL in adult patients.This meta‐analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus on November 16, 2024, for all studies assessing the association between vitamin D levels and SNHL. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta‐analysis was conducted using R software, with heterogeneity being assessed by the I2 statistic. Subgroup analysis was also performed. Five observational studies were included, with a total sample size of 1936 and a mean age of 61.9 years. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the SNHL group compared to healthy (MD = −9.50, I2 = 16.9%). The incidence of sufficient vitamin D levels was significantly lower in the SNHL group than in healthy (RR = 0.61, I2 = 85.3%). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly lower risk ratio of sufficient vitamin D in the Sudden SNHL group than in the other types of SNHL. This meta‐analysis suggests a significant association between vitamin D levels and the incidence of SNHL. Lower vitamin D levels were reported among SNHL patients. Further investigations are needed to account for the confounders of this association using less biased methodologies, such as cohort studies and clinical trials. Trail Registration: CRD420251072753

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