Achieving Carbon Neutrality Through Green Supply Chain Management, Eco‐Innovation, and Green Energy: The Moderating Effect of Green Finance

ABSTRACT The pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 9, 12, and 13, centered on affordable clean energy, industrial innovation, responsible production, and climate action, has gained momentum across Latin American economies. However, the region continues to face the dual challenge of achieving economic growth while mitigating rising carbon emissions. This study examines the moderating role of green finance in the relationship between green supply chain management, eco‐innovation, renewable energy, environmental taxation, and carbon emissions across Latin America from 2000 to 2020. Using advanced econometric methods, including feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), panel‐corrected standard errors (PCSE), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), and method of moments quantile regression (MMQR), the study provides robust empirical insights into the determinants of carbon mitigation. The results show that green supply chain management, eco‐innovation, and renewable energy significantly reduce carbon emissions, while environmental taxes have a positive effect. Moreover, green finance significantly enhances the effectiveness of these sustainability drivers, increasing their contribution to emission reduction and sustainable industrial transformation. The study highlights that policy coherence, institutional innovation, and financial inclusivity are essential for transitioning Latin America toward a low‐carbon, resilient, and equitable future.