Advancing green mobile networks

Mobile communication is a cornerstone technology in our society, facilitating personal relationships, fostering cooperation, and advancing education. Each generation of this technology has brought new services, from voice calls and messaging to internet access, and now Artificial Intelligence (AI). This transformation has steadily augmented the mobile network resource requirements. Driven by the societal and economical needs to increase the mobile network energy efficiency, reduce its energy consumption and the associated environmental footprint, this comment surveys standardized metrics to assess energy-related network performance and overview data-driven state-of-the-art solutions to accelerate the energy transition of mobile networks. Mobile communication underpins society, evolving from calls to AI and increasing network demands. To cut energy use and environmental impact, this work reviews standardized energy metrics and data-driven solutions for greener mobile networks.