Regulating Conduct in New Frontiers.

The solvation of Ba(+) ions created by the photoionization of barium atoms located on the surface of helium nanodroplets has been investigated. The excitation spectra corresponding to the 6p (2)P(1/2) ← 6s (2)S(1/2) and 6p (2)P(3/2) ← 6s (2)S(1/2) transitions of Ba(+) are found to be identical to those recorded in bulk He II [H. J. Reyher, H. Bauer, C. Huber, R. Mayer, A. Schafer, and A. Winnacker, Phys. Lett. A 115, 238 (1986)], indicating that the ions formed at the surface of the helium droplets become fully solvated by the helium. Time-of-flight mass spectra suggest that following the excitation of the solvated Ba(+) ions, these are being ejected from the helium droplets either as bare Ba(+) ions or as small Ba(+)He(n) (n < 20) complexes.