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April 8, 2026PLoS ONE0 citationsOpen Access

Dynamic thresholding and robust contrastive techniques for enhanced semi-supervised cardiac segmentation

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YMYafei MiJZJie ZhangUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHJHui JinPeople’s Hospital of Linqing

Key Result

A novel semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework achieved competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches across various labeled data ratios on the ACDC and MMWHS datasets.

Key Points

  • The aim is to enhance cardiac segmentation accuracy using a semi-supervised learning approach with limited labeled data.
  • Developed a semi-supervised framework combining labeled and unlabeled data.
  • Implemented dynamic pseudo-label threshold maps to inform segmentation decisions.
  • Applied robust entropy minimization to reduce noise from low-confidence labels.
  • Introduced contrastive consistency loss for improved regularization.
  • Achieved competitive performance on ACDC and MMWHS datasets compared to state-of-the-art methods.
  • Showed promise in accurate diagnosis with limited annotated data.
  • Validated the effectiveness of each proposed component through ablation studies.

Structured PICO

Does a semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework using dynamic thresholding and contrastive techniques improve segmentation performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches on cardiac imaging datasets?

P
Population
ACDC and MMWHS datasets (cardiac imaging data)
I
Intervention
Semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework using dynamic pseudo-label threshold map, robust entropy minimization, and contrastive consistency
C
Comparator
State-of-the-art approaches
O
Outcome
Segmentation performancesurrogate

A novel semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework demonstrates competitive performance with limited labeled data, potentially reducing the manual annotation burden in cardiovascular imaging.

Abstract

Cardiac segmentation plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, the manual annotation of cardiac structures is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task that requires highly trained experts. Moreover, the availability of labeled data for training segmentation models is often limited due to the challenges associated with acquiring accurate annotations. To address this issue, we propose a novel semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework that only needs a small set of labeled data with a larger pool of unlabeled data. We propose three strategies: dynamic pseudo-label threshold map, robust entropy minimization and contrastive consistency from the perspective of pseudo-labeling, entropy minimization and consistency regularization. Specifically, we propose a pixel-wise, class-wise and adaptive map to generate threshold maps and use the map for robust entropy minimization to reduce the noise from low-confidence samples. Besides, to utilize the unlabeled data sufficiently, we add contrastive consistency loss to implement regularization. Extensive experiments on the ACDC and MMWHS datasets demonstrate that our method achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches across various labeled data ratios. Ablation studies further validate the effectiveness and robustness of each component. Our framework shows strong potential for accurate diagnosis with limited annotations, and our code will be made publicly available.

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Cite This Study

Mi et al. (2026) studied cardiovascular diseases. semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework vs. state-of-the-art approaches was evaluated on segmentation performance. A novel semi-supervised cardiac segmentation framework achieved competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches across various labeled data ratios on the ACDC and MMWHS datasets.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69d5f03374eaea4b11a79b66https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0342567
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