Purcell-enhanced x-ray scintillation

Scintillation materials convert high-energy radiation to optical light through a complex multistage process. The last stage of the process is spontaneous light emission, which usually governs and limits the scintillator emission rate and light yield. For decades, scintillator research focused on developing faster-emitting materials or external photonic coatings for improving light yields. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a fundamentally different approach: enhancing the scintillation rate and yield via the Purcell effect, utilizing optical environment engineering to boost spontaneous emission. This enhancement is universally applicable to any scintillating material and dopant when the material's nanoscale geometry is engineered. We design a thin multilayer nanophotonic scintillator, demonstrating Purcell-enhanced scintillation with 50% enhancement in emission rate and 80% enhancement in light yield. The emission is robust to fabrication disorder, further highlighting its potential for x-ray applications. Our results show prospects for bridging nanophotonics and scintillator science toward reduced radiation dosage and increased resolution for high-energy particle detection.