This letter suggests that a voltage recorder, placed next to a circuit breaker not as usual on the side of the substation, but on the side of the transmission line, may reveal the location of permanent faults. Two different approaches to estimating fault location are presented here: spectrum estimation and wavelet analysis. The methods are tested and compared with simulations of typical transmission systems using the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP).
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Styvaktakis et al. (1999) studied this question.
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