Does phased-array intracardiac echocardiography monitoring improve long-term cure and reduce PV stenosis in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing pulmonary vein isolation?
Intracardiac echocardiography monitoring during PVI allows for power adjustment that reduces PV stenosis and improves long-term cure.
Intracardiac echocardiography improves the outcome of cooled-tip PVI. Power adjustment guided by direct visualization of microbubble formation reduces the risk of PV stenosis and improves long-term cure.
Marrouche et al. (2003) studied this question.