Elevations in T-helper-2-initiating cytokines (interleukin-33, interleukin-25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin) in lesional skin from chronic spontaneous (‘idiopathic’) urticaria

Increased expression of Th2-initiating cytokines in lesional skin in CSU suggests that innate pathways might play a role in the mechanism of wealing. As Th2-initiating cytokines play a role in mast cell activation, inflammation and vascular leakage in CSU, these findings may also have therapeutic implications.