Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations

Figures

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  Fig. 1. The risks of CHD and CVD decrease in association with increasing percentiles of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, corresponding to 30% and 64% in the most active and fit individuals, respectively. Interestingly, little or no additional benefit occurs when moving from the 75th to the 100th percentile, that is, “good” to “excellent,” suggesting a plateau in relative risk. Adapted from reference #18.

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  Fig. 2. Representative training schedules for HIIT and MICT programs in phase II cardiac rehabilitation. While variations in both HIIT and MICT exist, common approaches include 4 high intensity intervals, interspersed with moderate-intensity active recovery periods. As shown, both HIIT and MICT programs shorten the warm-up and cool-down periods of an equivalent duration. While some programs shorten the warm-up and cool-down duration in the MICT protocol to match the total duration of the corresponding HIIT program, most examples within the literature reflect a time savings for patients assigned to the high-intensity protocol.

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  Fig. 3. Central Figure, summarizing the key relations between increasing levels of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and risk of cardiovascular disease, prescriptive considerations, and special patient populations, with specific reference to medical assessments and patient counseling.