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Efficient municipal solid waste management is a critical global challenge. This study investigated the implementation of real-time monitoring systems by LIPOR, a waste management association in northern Portugal, to enhance waste collection operations. Utilizing advanced technologies such as RFID and GIS, along with tailored citizen engagement strategies, the approach demonstrated substantial improvements in operational efficiency, cost reduction, and citizen participation. Key innovations included optimized scheduling based on container filling levels and the strategic relocation of underperforming equipment. These initiatives not only improved the service quality, but also supported the rollout of PAYT schemes, aligning with evolving legislative requirements. The findings offer valuable insights for municipalities worldwide, showcasing the potential of digitalization to drive sustainability and operational excellence in waste management systems.
Prata et al. (Sun,) studied this question.