All seven redox states between the tricationic and the trianionic states of the decacyclenyl 1˙ are discernible by cyclic voltammetry. The electronic nature of the highly delocalized aromatic π-electron system of the neutral radical 1˙ and the charged species 13+ and 13− has been investigated by ESR and NMR spectroscopy, respectively.
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Kubo et al. (1996) studied this question.
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