This review outlines the benefits that Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) integration has on the power network. It reviews past optimal placement techniques covering meta-heuristic and deterministic algorithms. Three best performing algorithms are chosen in terms of minimum required number of PMUs for full system observability. It concludes that Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is the most adaptable mathematical form to model a network. ILP shows the most adaptability in terms of modeling network contingencies and phased installation of PMUs. Further work will focus on developing a hybrid state estimation algorithm for improving state estimation on a medium term basis of 3-5 years.
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Yuill et al. (2011) studied this question.
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