A head circumference below the 5(th) centile at second-trimester scan is associated with various abnormalities, especially neurological disorders. The outcome was worse when the HC was smaller. An HC Z score below -2.5 was strongly associated with neurological and chromosomal abnormalities. Conversely, an HC Z score below -1.645 but above -2, excluding cases with prenatally diagnosed malformations, seems to be reassuring for favorable neonatal outcome.
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Deloison et al. (2012) studied this question.
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