A 2.4-GHz Area-Efficient and Fast-Locking Subharmonically Injection-Locked Type-I PLL

A 2.4-GHz area-efficient and fast-locking subharmonically injection-locked type-I phase-locked loop (SIL-TPLL) is presented. A timing-adjusted phase detector (TPD) is proposed to calibrate the injection timing. This TPD also reduces the settling time of the SIL-TPLL. The loop capacitance of the type-I PLL is tiny to save the area. This SIL-TPLL is fabricated in 45-nm CMOS technology. Its active area is 0.013 mm 2 . The power consumption is 5.6 mW at 2.4 GHz for a supply of 0.87 V. The integrated jitter of the SIL-TPLL over 1 kHz to 40 MHz is 0.91 ps.