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The curvature parameter tension between Planck 2018, cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing, and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data is measured using the suspiciousness statistic to be 2.5--3σ. Conclusions regarding the spatial curvature of the Universe which stem from the combination of these data should therefore be viewed with suspicion. Without CMB lensing or BAO, Planck 2018 has a moderate preference for closed universes, with Bayesian betting odds of over 50:1 against a flat universe and over 2000:1 against an open universe.
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Will Handley (2021) studied this question.
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