Antibiotic-resistant ST38, ST131 and ST405 strains are the leading uropathogenicEscherichia coliclones in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Our findings highlight the presence of MDR, CTX-M-positive ST38, ST131 and ST405 UPEC in Saudi Arabia. The high proportion of isolates with CTX-M is a particular concern. We suggest that ST38 UPEC warrant further study.