Case report shows hyperprogressive disease after immune therapy in advanced sigmoid colon cancer with Lynch syndrome, suggesting treatment challenges.
INTRODUCTION: Lynch syndrome is a hereditary condition caused by germline defects in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, resulting in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of MSI-H advanced cancers. However, hyperprogressive disease (HPD) following ICI therapy is a rare and paradoxical phenomenon. We report a case of advanced sigmoid colon cancer associated with Lynch syndrome that developed HPD after pembrolizumab treatment.
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Miura et al. (2026) studied this question.
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