Enhanced DNA Data Storage Stability and Amplification Efficiency Using Extreme Thermostable Single‐Stranded DNA‐Binding Protein

Owing to its durability, replicability, and high storage density, DNA has emerged as a highly promising medium for digital information storage. However, ensuring long-term storage stability remains a significant challenge in the design of DNA-based storage systems. In this study, we present a method for DNA data storage that utilizes extreme thermostable single-strand DNA-binding proteins (ET SSB), which bind to and stabilize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), protecting it from environmental degradation and contamination. Additionally, ET SSB preserves the template's single-stranded conformation, enhancing polymerase extension and promoting the efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). When combined with microdroplet PCR, this method enables amplification and information decoding with as few as 10 DNA template molecules. This dual functionality not only highlights the potential value of ET SSB but also contributes to advancing the practical use of DNA as a stable and efficient medium for information storage.