A quadrant-based innovation index (KQM) for diagnosing structural maturity

Purpose This article introduces a quadrant-based innovation index (KQM) designed to diagnose the structural maturity of national R instead, it positions systems within a multidimensional analytical space and conceptualises maturity as a structural position emerging from the configuration of core system dimensions. The study demonstrates that KQM enables the identification of structural differences consequential for systems’ transformative potential and developmental trajectories, yet invisible in linear evaluation models. Design/methodology/approach Building on the Kauzon Quadrant Model, maturity is defined as a structural property arising from the alignment between innovation system capacity and workforce composition. The framework adopts a quadrant-based logic that positions national R&D systems within a two-dimensional space, distinguishing four structural configurations. It is operationalised through four indicators: a synthesised capacity dimension (R&D intensity, innovation performance, and R&D expenditure per researcher) and an analytically independent workforce composition indicator represented by the share of women among researchers. Findings The empirical application shows that systems with similar innovation capacity may occupy different structural positions. Differences in alignment between capacity and workforce composition distinguish consolidated, transitional and imbalanced configurations. The workforce parameter exhibits a consistent pattern across configurations, indicating a systematic association with structural maturity that remains undetected in aggregate metrics. Originality/value KQM advances innovation system analysis by formalising maturity as a configurational structural position rather than performance intensity. It offers a new analytical instrument for researchers and policymakers engaged in forward-looking innovation governance and technology forecasting.