The Role of Government Schemes in the Social Mobility and Sustainable Development of Tribal Women: An Observation on the District of Purulia

India is a geographically, socio-economically, and politically diverse and pluralistic democratic nation. Through the harmonious bond of "unity in diversity," India has maintained both the continuity and the dynamic nature of its social mobility. It is this continuous dynamism within the social system that has accelerated the pace of India's development. The participation of various social groups in this process of social mobility and development has rendered the system even more dynamic. The central theme of this article is to examine how various government schemes—aimed at fostering development while preserving social mobility—have sustained overall social dynamism and sustainable development by driving progress across socio-economic, political, educational, health, and human resource development indicators for tribal women. India is home to various marginalised groups, and the holistic development of the nation remains unattainable without their upliftment. With the objective of achieving comprehensive national development, the post-independence Indian government has launched numerous social schemes specifically targeting backward and vulnerable sections of society. These welfare-oriented initiatives serve to accelerate the momentum of social development. This article attempts a comparative analysis of several developmental schemes—implemented by both the Central and State governments in recent times—aimed at enhancing the social mobility of tribal women as a means of fostering national development. The article discusses how various schemes designed for the upliftment of tribal communities residing in marginalised areas—with a particular focus on women—play a pivotal role in enhancing women's capabilities. Through observations conducted among tribal women residing in the marginalised areas of underdeveloped districts—such as Purulia in West Bengal—this article evaluates the role of social mobility in the lives of tribal women.