Among judged sports, figure skating uses a unique method of median ranks for determining placement. This system responds positively to increased marks by each judge and follows majority rule when a majority of judges agree on a skater's rank. It is demonstrated that this is the only aggregation system possessing these two properties. Median ranks provide strong safeguards against manipulation by a minority of judges. These positive features do not require the sacrifice of efficiency in controlling measurement error. In a Monte Carlo study, the median rank system consistently outperforms alternatives when judges' marks are significantly skewed toward an upper limit.
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Bassett et al. (1994) studied this question.
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