High-frequency contractions in vertebrate sound-producing muscles are achieved through structural reapportionment and isoform shifts, which come with functional trade-offs.
Caution against extrapolating to cardiac muscle; leaves open whether isoform shifts enable high-frequency contractions in mammalian hearts.
Vertebrate sound-producing muscles can contract at frequencies greater than 100 Hz, a feat impossible in locomotory muscles. This is not accomplished by unique proteins or structures but by qualitative shifts in isoforms and quantitative reapportionment of structures. Speed comes with costs and trade-offs, however, that restrict how a muscle can be used.
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Rome et al. (1998) studied this question.
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