Piezoelectric ceramics Na 1− x Ba x Nb 1− x Ti x O 3 with low BaTiO 3 concentrations x have been prepared by the solid‐state reaction method, and their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties have been studied. The ceramics are classic ferroelectrics when x ≤0.10, and the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition becomes diffusive when x ≥0.15. A low doping level of BaTiO 3 changes the NaNbO 3 ceramics from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric. With the increase in BaTiO 3 doping level, the Curie temperature of ceramics decreases linearly and the remnant polarization and coercive field also decrease, while their dielectric constant increases. Na 0.9 Ba 0.1 Nb 0.9 Ti 0.1 O 3 ceramics show the largest piezoelectric constant d 33 (147 pC/N) and good sinterability, suggesting that it is a good candidate for lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics.
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Zeng et al. (2006) studied this question.
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